http://hdl.handle.net/1813/1459 2013-05-08T03:09:39Z http://hdl.handle.net/1813/2474 Title: De inmaduro a duro: lo simbolico femenino y los esquemas andinos de genero Authors: Isbell, Billie Jean Abstract: My motivation for writing this chapter is to call attention to a 'Feminine Symbolic' that I believe constitutes the core of Andean conceptualizations of gender. The argument that I will present is as follows: The feminine, as an abstraction, is an unmarked category, whereas the masculine is elaborated, or marked. In addition, androgyny is a primary force in the continual recreation and reproduction of the world motivated by female sex and desire, not by biological reproduction. Such a gender schema provides an alternative to Lacan's symbolic which makes patriarchy seem inevitable. The second half of this analysis deals with ethnographic materials largely drawn from my fieldwork in the village of Chuschi, department of Ayacucho, Peru in the 1970's. I examine gender formation along the life course and into the after-life. 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1813/2271 Title: The Ontogenesis of Metaphor: Riddle Games among Quechua Speakers Seen as Cognitive Discovery Procedures Authors: Isbell, Billie Jean; Roncalla, Fredy Amilcar Abstract: Metaphor, it is argued, plays an important function in cognitive and semantic development of Quechua-speaking children who engage in riddle games. It appears that riddling among the Quechua functions as a discovery procedure as children expand their cognitive operative structures and semantic domains. Description: The research for this paper was conducted in the Department of Ayacucho during 1975 and 1976 under the sponsorship of The National Institute of Mental Health grant number MH26118-02 and a grant from the Social Science Research Council. Billie Jean Isbell is responsible for the theoretical formulations in the paper, which she wrote in English. Fredy Amilcar Roncalla Fernandez, the coauthor, collected nearly all of the data. He is a native speaker of Quechua and without his native intuitions and careful translations, this paper would not have been written. 1977-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1813/2270 Title: Awaq nawin: el ojo del tejedor, la practica de la cultura en el tejido Authors: Isbell, Billie Jean; Franquemont, Christine; Franquemont, Edward M. 1992-07-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1813/2196 Title: Public Secrets from Peru Authors: Isbell, Billie Jean Abstract: In deciding to create a drama about violence in Peru, I have moved away from the usual academic discourse into the arena of performance. I have made this move for a number of reasons: foremost is my desire that English-speaking audiences (and readers) hear the words of those whose stories I and my colleagues have recorded because I know that tales of terror engender denial on the part of the listener. Perhaps dramatic form can provide a tolerable means of communication as a product of imagination, a fantasy, and to borrow a phrase that Taussig used in 1993 at a lecture at Cornell. It captures the 'reality of the really made up.' My hope is that by the end of this play, my interlocutor will have a new sense of the complex motivations of victimizers and victims caught in an increasing spiral of violence. Description: A play about political violence in Peru. 2005-09-14T16:30:30Z http://hdl.handle.net/1813/2195 Title: Violence in Peru: Performances and Dialogues Authors: Isbell, Billie Jean Abstract: I wish not only to influence my readers' perceptions of the political violence that has shaken Peru in the last decade and a half, but also to transform the relationship of researchers to such events and the rules of academic discourse about such events. The protest songs and art will not be analyzed in terms of subaltern art and hegemonic texts or in any of the usual oppositions such as traditional-modern, but rather in terms of hybridization in the exchange of ideological and cultural goods. 1998-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1813/2193 Title: Culture Confronts Nature in the Dialectical World of the Tropics Authors: Isbell, Billie Jean Abstract: As an anthropologist, I would like to suggest that the tropics provide a perceptual environment that promotes and enhances a particular 'science of the concrete, whereby perceived order in the environment is the basis for systems of classifications, epistemological structures, and cosmologies. In the American tropics, the science of the concrete takes on a particular character that results in epistemologies founded in what I will call dialectical, reversible dualism. 1982-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/1813/2135 Title: To Defend Ourselves, Ecology & Ritual in an Andean Village Authors: Isbell, Billie Jean Abstract: The ethnography, To Defend Ourselves, describes a series of rituals that maintain social structure and practices in the community of Chuschi, Peru. It was first published in 1978, with a second edition published in 1985 and a Spanish edition due out in the fall, 2005. 2005-08-05T19:45:32Z