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Data from: Impact of the latitude of stratospheric aerosol injection on the Southern Annular Mode

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Abstract

This data supports the results of "Impact of the latitude of stratospheric aerosol injection on the Southern Annular Mode" (Bednarz et. al., in review), which reported: The impacts of Stratospheric Aerosol Injection strategies on the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) are analysed with the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Using a set of simulations with fixed single-point SO2 injections we demonstrate the first-order dependence of the SAM response on the latitude of injection, with the northern hemispheric and equatorial injections driving a response corresponding to a positive phase of SAM and the southern hemispheric injections driving a negative phase of SAM. We further demonstrate that the results can to first order explain the differences in the SAM responses diagnosed from the two recent large ensembles of geoengineering simulations utilising more complex injection strategies – GLENS and ARISE-SAI – as driven by the differences in the simulated sulfate aerosol distributions. Our results point to the meridional extent of aerosol-induced lower stratospheric heating as an important driver of the sensitivity of the SAM response to the injection location.

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We would like to acknowledge high-performance computing support from Cheyenne (https://doi.org/10.5065/ D6RX99HX) provided by NCAR’s Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science Foundation. Support was provided by the Atkinson Center for a Sustainability at Cornell University for EMB, DV and DGM; and by the National Science Foundation through agreement CBET-1818759 for DV and DGM. This material is based upon work supported by the National Center for Atmospheric Research, which is a major facility sponsored by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement no. 1852977, and by SilverLining through its Safe Climate Research Initiative.

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2022-09-08

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Climate change; sulfate; geoengineering

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Attribution 4.0 International

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